Hi Blazemaster,
I have enclosed two articles you might find of interest.
I suspect it is iron precipitating out of the water that is giving you the orange look, and that you need to let the water sit in a large container and let the iron settle to the bottom for a while before adding it to the tank.
The second issue is going to be the water softener, which is exchanging sodium ions for calcium and magnesium. Looking at the numbers you posted the water softener is doing a good job. I live near the ocean and my well water (although treated at a municipal plant) has about 35 ppm sodium, that causes absolutely no problems with my fish or plants.
If you decide to use RO water keep in mind the quality of the water must be restored if you are going to be successful with Plants or fish for that matter. Plus the wasted water, 30 gallons to get 5 of RO is a consideration.
An aquarium is a closed aquatic system. The rules are different from the pond or stream in the backyard. You need to intervene, monitor, and adjust in an aquarium.
Cycling the tank is an entirely different issue. Read the brief article I sent. This is the area where 99% or new hobbyist run into problems.
Watch out for the "I don't like chemicals" trap in the hobby.
These are all chemicals...
Ammonia
Nitrate
Nitrite
Phosphate
Calcium
Magnesium
Iron
Carbon Dioxide
Baking Soda
etc. etc
... Needed to be successful with a planted aquarium.
IMO too many beginners rush into ultra filtration needlessly. It sounds like iron may be an issue, it can be toxic to fish and plants at elevated levels. I am not sure that a RO filter is very effective with iron. You may want to look into that.
Hope this helps a little
Jay